Gmail app and privacy? : r/privacy I know, Google is anti-privacy, however, Is there any evidence of the Gmail app collecting your data and tracking what you do? I recall the Facebook app collecting peoples' contacts and tracking other things. 2 9 comments Add a Comment [deleted] • 7 yr. ago [deleted] • 7 yr. ago Is there any evidence ...? u/ivanmat_, there is an un-documented google/gmail workaround still active to this date that allows you to achieve Push notifications with iOS's native Mail app and Google-email (gmail). For this to work, when you configure your gmail account on the iOS's Native Mail app you have to select 'other' from the Mail account options: -Settings - Mail ... I think both Hotmail and Gmail apps look and feel horrible and not integrated with iOS. I don't login them on Mail app either because it would flood my screen with inbox, spam, deleted etc. for every individual mail account.Basically what the title says. I have 2-factor authentication set up with GMail and use the GMail app on my iPhone and iPad. The way the app seems to work is you use 2-factor authentication once when you configure your account, then forevermore it opens your email when you open the app with no password or pin requirement. On Feb 1, IT disabled the stuff that lets us link it to other apps like gmail for security reasons. I did a small search and there might be a way to, but the effort doesn't seem worth it since I have the outlook app on my phone anyway.I hate labels. I really like Gmail for its features, spam detection, compatibility, and other small features. I really do not like labels. I wish you could organize by folders and create rules that makes certain senders to the folder/label but not in the inbox. I have tried making a label and rules to make for example all my marketing emails go ... I think both Hotmail and Gmail apps look and feel horrible and not integrated with iOS. I don't login them on Mail app either because it would flood my screen with inbox, spam, deleted etc. for every individual mail account.Stock Mail app for work (Exchange) and Gmail for personal email. The only thing stopping me from switching to Mail completely is the lack of push notifications support for Gmail and dark mode for email content sucks compares to Gmail. Gmail has a bug thought that messes with scrolling in emails. Apple Mail.Gmail. Easier to add attachments. You can unsend an email if sent accidentally. Gmail app without a doubt, especially if you check your email from multiple Apple devices. Strangely, the Apple Mail app doesn't sync read emails between devices, so you'll have a new message badge even for already opened emails.Basically what the title says. I have 2-factor authentication set up with GMail and use the GMail app on my iPhone and iPad. The way the app seems to work is you use 2-factor authentication once when you configure your account, then forevermore it opens your email when you open the app with no password or pin requirement.Access this page tapping above. Host name Gmail SMTP server No user name or password. so next 2 are set but not changeable. Use SSL ON Authentication Oauth 2.0 Token. Server Port 465. —————-back out. Tap Advanced. I chose Deleted mailbox = Trash matter if preference. Pick your choice to move discarded messages, ie trash. The Gmail address is old, been around a long time, and gets 50-100 mail list / marketing emails a day. The iOS Mail app is horrible at discerning which are important (from real people I know or critical alerts, such as banks, airlines etc.) and the bazillions of marketing emails. The search is very spotty too.Uses TLS to encrypt emails in transit. Works well in the Google ecosystem. Outlook.com (the free web version of the Microsoft Outlook email client) and Gmail are two widely used email services, and there's a lot to like in each. Both support the core email tasks: sending and receiving messages, attachments, filtering, and cloud storage.Gmail has already come under attack for its alarming privacy labels. But a new update from Apple, combined with a privacy backlash this month against “creepy” mail tracking, should now be the...1. hecho2 • 10 mo. ago. I use the official Mail app. I have a iCloud, gmail and outlook account. Gmail app is out of the question, too much functionality and things I did not ask for. Outlook app has a problem, since I have a free account, I get ads, don't like ads so deleted. I switched from Android to IPhone about 5 years ago, have moved everything over except for email, I still use Gmail including using the Gmail app. I’d really like to switch to iCloud email (whatever it’s called… sorry) but the thought of changing email address just doesn’t appeal.Yes, you will get push in the Mail app and better privacy than with Gmail. De-Google-ing is a very good idea. Make sure you change the default search engine to DuckDuckGo. Yes, I’m talking about the provider, not email clients. I plan to use Apple Mail app, but Gmail doesn’t support push notifications unfortunately. In then end, though, it is forced to use IMAP, since that is all Google exposes to third party mail clients. Certain fancy pants Gmail features will only be available via the Web, since Google does not offer an actual Gmail app for Windows. FYI, when you add your Google account to Windows via Mail, it also adds your Google Calendar and Contacts. So this is entirely on them. That said, you can add your Google account to Windows and you will be able to access your email, calendar and contacts in the native Microsoft Mail & Calendar apps. You could use Office Outlook, but calendar and contact integration is not available for consumer Gmail accounts. Gmail says that the password I'm entering is incorrect. I double, triple, and quadruple checked the password, even reset the AOL password. Still doesn't work. Anyone else experiencing issues with using AOL in the Gmail app? SOLUTION. I contacted AOL support. They told me to remove the account from GMail, then get a third party app password and ... Yes, you will get push in the Mail app and better privacy than with Gmail. De-Google-ing is a very good idea. Make sure you change the default search engine to DuckDuckGo. Yes, I’m talking about the provider, not email clients. I plan to use Apple Mail app, but Gmail doesn’t support push notifications unfortunately. Deleted the app and reinstalled and that fixed it for a few hours but now back to no badges. Ancient iPhone 7 here and can confirm same issue - started about ~5 days ago. I even uninstalled and reinstalled the GMail app, and all that did was lose me my recognized notification sounds.Zoho is a good alternative to Gmail or Outlook. You aren't getting the extreme privacy focus of Protonmail or Tutanota, but that's not what they claim to do. Zoho is basically Gmail / Outlook without the Google / Microsoft ecosystem. That alone makes it a solid competitor.Settings > Mail > Accounts > Fetch New Data > Gmail > Fetch then back and select Fetch Every 15 minutes. Works for me. One of the things I wish the apple mail app would do. With the new beta, it’s not fetching from gmail anymore. I sent a feedback about this. One of the things I wish the apple mail app would do.If Gmail Desktop were a native Mac app, it probably wouldn’t have a native Gmail interface. Good point. I guess i've always just wanted a 1:1 replica of Gmails web interface but built with native components instead of being an embedded webpage (there'd be some differences naturally) – I just like the way everything is laid out on Gmail, with the tabs for different catergories at the top ...Outlook/Hotmail not syncing. I'm using the gmail app (android mobile) and my hotmail/outlook emails are suddenly not syncing/resyncing etc. Some reference images below. Screenshot I've tried all the advice I've found on google: resync. remove and resync (or remove, restart mobile, and resync)I have about 5 gmail accounts logged into my gmail app on a Samsung A51 phone (in case that info is relevant). Since last night my main gmail account isn't loading, it's stuck on "Getting your messages", despite uninstalling and reinstalling the app; changing passwords in case it is a security-related issue etc. No success up til now : (. It dosent matter if most of your contacts use Gmail, they will recieve your emails all the same as if your were using Gmail. 3. redbit2020 • 5 yr. ago. his point is probably that gmail will still see his correspondences even if he is no longer on gmail because of his friends' choices to stay on gmail. 4.Gmail is instant - make sure it's not set for battery optimization. Also check settings in Gmail under your account name, not general settings, all the way at the bottom there a sync Gmail option, make sure that's checked. Settings in the app have changed over time, double check them. Open your Gmail account in Chrome. Open settings in Chrome by clicking the three vertical dots in the top right corner of your browser. Select More tools, then Create shortcut. Make sure that you tick of Open as window. Otherwise it will open as a regular shortcut. I've also put together an illustrated guide at this link: Can't remove second account from new gmail app. I added a second account to my Gmail app and now I want to remove it but I can't figure it out. When I search I find these instructions, but the new app has a different layout. There is a "manage account" button, but then no "edit", or "remove" choices. I've searched all the settings I can see and ... I need advice on a good GMail app for Mac. The website keeps crashing in Safari. I need the availability of labels in the app, if possible. Mac Mini, 3.6GHz i3, 8GB RAM. Google did change how Gmail is pushed. Previously they used Microsoft’s Exchange protocol, but later changed to their own push protocol. Any developer or app is free to use the new protocol, Apple just refuses to support it in their email app. Other apps, such as Outlook, support push for Gmail. agipaok • 2 yr. ago.Store every password in a password manager like Keepass. It has apps for all platforms, and works by creating a file (.kdbx), encrypted completely (not just the password) by a master password. Create the file in a location you know, then you can sync it using Syncthing (device to device, free and private), Nextcloud, Mega-App or any other sync ... In the account setting within gmail, where it says "Inbox Categories". Maybe you should turn off everything that says "Smart Features" or "Personalized" in gmail account settings. Well, they used to look like just another email, not giant ads like now. Wow, that sucks even more. Gmail app stopped syncing IMAP accounts. I've got a few IMAP accounts in the Gmail app on my Pixel 7Pro. Since a couple of days ago they have stopped syncing. If I clear cache storage in the app, the accounts resume syncing but only for a short while. I haven't tried to remove and re-set up them though, just clearing the storage. It happens because the phone aggressively shuts down apps running in the background. There are numerous places where you can stop the phone doing that, but everytime an update gets pushed out, Gmail stops getting push notifications again until I disable the power management for that app. Samsung might have a similar feature Free local clients: Gmail, Outlook Paid local clients: Nine, AquaMail Cloud-based clients: Spark, BlueMail Personally I prefer local clients for privacy and security reasons. Nine and AquaMail are the best options in my opinion, and well worth the cost for professional use. Nine has a 2-week trial version, then a one-time cost of $15.1. hecho2 • 10 mo. ago. I use the official Mail app. I have a iCloud, gmail and outlook account. Gmail app is out of the question, too much functionality and things I did not ask for. Outlook app has a problem, since I have a free account, I get ads, don't like ads so deleted. Gmail has already come under attack for its alarming privacy labels. But a new update from Apple, combined with a privacy backlash this month against “creepy” mail tracking, should now be the...Gmail. Easier to add attachments. You can unsend an email if sent accidentally. Gmail app without a doubt, especially if you check your email from multiple Apple devices. Strangely, the Apple Mail app doesn't sync read emails between devices, so you'll have a new message badge even for already opened emails.Settings > Mail > Accounts > Fetch New Data > Gmail > Fetch then back and select Fetch Every 15 minutes. Works for me. One of the things I wish the apple mail app would do. With the new beta, it’s not fetching from gmail anymore. I sent a feedback about this. One of the things I wish the apple mail app would do. iPhone would rather say "No Service" than connect to an available GPRS signal. 388. 110. r/iphone. Join. • 11 days ago. r/brave_browser. Join. • 22 days ago. Most underrated feature of Brave is using nearly 0% CPU usage while idle. When I open Chrome, my PC fans go into overdrive! 93. 15. r/framework. Join. On Feb 1, IT disabled the stuff that lets us link it to other apps like gmail for security reasons. I did a small search and there might be a way to, but the effort doesn't seem worth it since I have the outlook app on my phone anyway.In the account setting within gmail, where it says "Inbox Categories". Maybe you should turn off everything that says "Smart Features" or "Personalized" in gmail account settings. Well, they used to look like just another email, not giant ads like now. Wow, that sucks even more. Mar 6, 2021 · If you access Gmail on your iPhone using a browser or through Apple’s own mail client, then Google is collecting less of your data and you are exercising more control. You are sending a message ... Scenario: We use gmail and the google workplace suite of applications. We will be introducing MDM BYOD using Intune. We use Azure for SSO. Our setbacks: Android: the gmail app does not work in the work profile. It prompts that the feature is not available and to contact the administrator. iOS: when the profile is removed, users retain access to ... Outlook/Hotmail not syncing. I'm using the gmail app (android mobile) and my hotmail/outlook emails are suddenly not syncing/resyncing etc. Some reference images below. Screenshot I've tried all the advice I've found on google: resync. remove and resync (or remove, restart mobile, and resync) I hate labels. I really like Gmail for its features, spam detection, compatibility, and other small features. I really do not like labels. I wish you could organize by folders and create rules that makes certain senders to the folder/label but not in the inbox. I have tried making a label and rules to make for example all my marketing emails go ... Nine, AquaMail, Fair Email, K-9, AOSP, and your device's stock email client (probably, if it has one). It's also worth highlighting which apps have support for Microsoft Exchange or Office 365 accounts: Gmail, Outlook, Nine, AquaMail, your device's stock email app (probably, if it has one), Spike, Spark. Mimestream is amazing. Or create a PWA with Vivaldi or Chrome. Aaand it's no longer free. From an email today, May 22, 2023: Pricing for Mimestream is US $4.99/month or $49.99/year, with a 14-day free trial (no credit card required). Team licensing with centralized billing is also available. As an email client, the core functionality of our product is based on providing you with the ability to manage your email. For this reason, Spark accesses your email account when you start using the app. Your email address is a unique identifier of you as a user within our system and allows us to secure your data. Gmail is instant - make sure it's not set for battery optimization. Also check settings in Gmail under your account name, not general settings, all the way at the bottom there a sync Gmail option, make sure that's checked. Settings in the app have changed over time, double check them. For IMAP, for Exchange, and for Google hosted accounts. Fun fact: Apple's default mail app supports 2FA "natively", while when using Outlook, you have to create an "app specific" password. Performance of the mail app (speed, as if that matters) is a tiny bit better on Exchange based accounts vs Google based.Google's Gmail App limits 9 email accounts maximum, why? I have multiple email accounts attached to G-mail app for personal and for the office. Some accounts are shared among staff, such as the company's general email address and colleagues and associates' individual business email inboxes. G-Mail has allowed us to add the accounts and keep ...On the gmail iPhone app I want to automatically move to the next message in the inbox after deleting the previous message. Currently when I delete a message I am returned to the inbox. Is there a setting In the app that when I delete a message I automatically move to the next message instead of back to the inbox? The main reason I use the stock mail app is the smart love feature. It automatically suggests the folder with the most email from the sender for a move. Saves so much time. The Gmail app feels so archaic. It doesn't even have a search like the desktop version does (when moving email). Jul 31, 2021 · Gmail has already come under attack for its alarming privacy labels. But a new update from Apple, combined with a privacy backlash this month against “creepy” mail tracking, should now be the... smtp Gmail SMTP server>. Access this page tapping above. Host name Gmail SMTP server No user name or password. so next 2 are set but not changeable. Use SSL ON Authentication Oauth 2.0 Token. Server Port 465. —————-back out. Tap Advanced. I chose Deleted mailbox = Trash matter if preference.Outlook/Hotmail not syncing. I'm using the gmail app (android mobile) and my hotmail/outlook emails are suddenly not syncing/resyncing etc. Some reference images below. Screenshot I've tried all the advice I've found on google: resync. remove and resync (or remove, restart mobile, and resync)Open your Gmail account in Chrome. Open settings in Chrome by clicking the three vertical dots in the top right corner of your browser. Select More tools, then Create shortcut. Make sure that you tick of Open as window. Otherwise it will open as a regular shortcut. I've also put together an illustrated guide at this link: Deleted the app and reinstalled and that fixed it for a few hours but now back to no badges. Ancient iPhone 7 here and can confirm same issue - started about ~5 days ago. I even uninstalled and reinstalled the GMail app, and all that did was lose me my recognized notification sounds.I have problem that Gmail signatures are not sent when I use Gmail mobile app on iPhone. I followed the instructions here… Samsung Email is great because you can setup signatures with formatting per account, you can have different Sync options for your accounts and could switch off emails reminders for some during weekends. It's working fast and is stable. I don't use so many Google apps for privacy reasons, so don't know if right now Gmail supports the same features.orionmed • 8 mo. ago. Go to the Gmail icon, long press and chose app info, select battery and then you should see 3 options available, choose unrestricted, if you choose optimized, you will not receive any notification. antcodd46 • 8 mo. ago. This. Recent versions of Android have a somewhat ridiculous system where they delay notifications ... Yes, you will get push in the Mail app and better privacy than with Gmail. De-Google-ing is a very good idea. Make sure you change the default search engine to DuckDuckGo. Yes, I’m talking about the provider, not email clients. I plan to use Apple Mail app, but Gmail doesn’t support push notifications unfortunately. So I removed the non-syncing account, went through the process of entering credentials and 2fa, selected don't ask again, and get returned to the settings menu. It always looks like it did what it should. Then, I get a little textbubble with "unable to authenticate". I've checked my logins, I've checked with Microsoft Support. Access this page tapping above. Host name Gmail SMTP server No user name or password. so next 2 are set but not changeable. Use SSL ON Authentication Oauth 2.0 Token. Server Port 465. —————-back out. Tap Advanced. I chose Deleted mailbox = Trash matter if preference. Pick your choice to move discarded messages, ie trash. Yes, you will get push in the Mail app and better privacy than with Gmail. De-Google-ing is a very good idea. Make sure you change the default search engine to DuckDuckGo. Yes, I’m talking about the provider, not email clients. I plan to use Apple Mail app, but Gmail doesn’t support push notifications unfortunately. r/brave_browser. Join. • 22 days ago. Most underrated feature of Brave is using nearly 0% CPU usage while idle. When I open Chrome, my PC fans go into overdrive! 93. 15. r/framework. Join. Deleted the app and reinstalled and that fixed it for a few hours but now back to no badges. Ancient iPhone 7 here and can confirm same issue - started about ~5 days ago. I even uninstalled and reinstalled the GMail app, and all that did was lose me my recognized notification sounds.I hate labels. I really like Gmail for its features, spam detection, compatibility, and other small features. I really do not like labels. I wish you could organize by folders and create rules that makes certain senders to the folder/label but not in the inbox. I have tried making a label and rules to make for example all my marketing emails go ...The Gmail email service sends and receives emails. You can then use any of the Gmail email clients—the web app, iOS app, and Android app—to access it, or you can use a different email client, like Outlook or Spark. Apple Mail is just an email client that's available on iOS, iPadOS, and macOS. But you can use almost any email service with it ...It dosent matter if most of your contacts use Gmail, they will recieve your emails all the same as if your were using Gmail. 3. redbit2020 • 5 yr. ago. his point is probably that gmail will still see his correspondences even if he is no longer on gmail because of his friends' choices to stay on gmail. 4.Okay, found a solution that worked for me. in Gmail: go to edit account. find mail.me.com, edit it to imap.mail.me.com. save and quit, try (on one of my devices, I had to force synchronisation in general settings > account. Hope it'll help. aaronjm712 • 2 yr. ago. Unfortunately, I've tried this. If Gmail Desktop were a native Mac app, it probably wouldn’t have a native Gmail interface. Good point. I guess i've always just wanted a 1:1 replica of Gmails web interface but built with native components instead of being an embedded webpage (there'd be some differences naturally) – I just like the way everything is laid out on Gmail, with the tabs for different catergories at the top ... Free local clients: Gmail, Outlook Paid local clients: Nine, AquaMail Cloud-based clients: Spark, BlueMail Personally I prefer local clients for privacy and security reasons. Nine and AquaMail are the best options in my opinion, and well worth the cost for professional use. Nine has a 2-week trial version, then a one-time cost of $15.Gmail says that the password I'm entering is incorrect. I double, triple, and quadruple checked the password, even reset the AOL password. Still doesn't work. Anyone else experiencing issues with using AOL in the Gmail app? SOLUTION. I contacted AOL support. They told me to remove the account from GMail, then get a third party app password and ... Must be a bug, continuing with iPad iOS 16.1. When I switch back and forth between priority and default inbox, tons of messages that have been moved out of the inbox appear and disappear with each switch. After disappearing, they will also pop back into view after relaunching the app, despite not changing the inbox type. So this is entirely on them. That said, you can add your Google account to Windows and you will be able to access your email, calendar and contacts in the native Microsoft Mail & Calendar apps. You could use Office Outlook, but calendar and contact integration is not available for consumer Gmail accounts. I hate labels. I really like Gmail for its features, spam detection, compatibility, and other small features. I really do not like labels. I wish you could organize by folders and create rules that makes certain senders to the folder/label but not in the inbox. I have tried making a label and rules to make for example all my marketing emails go ...
It happens because the phone aggressively shuts down apps running in the background. There are numerous places where you can stop the phone doing that, but everytime an update gets pushed out, Gmail stops getting push notifications again until I disable the power management for that app. Samsung might have a similar feature . 305 390 7407
Not sure if this is android or pixel specific issue, but though I would ask here to see if there was anyone else who had come across this and knew how to fix. I would prefer to avoid using a 3rr party mail client. 2. 4. Information & communications technology. Gmail says that the password I'm entering is incorrect. I double, triple, and quadruple checked the password, even reset the AOL password. Still doesn't work. Anyone else experiencing issues with using AOL in the Gmail app? SOLUTION. I contacted AOL support. They told me to remove the account from GMail, then get a third party app password and ... I switched from Android to IPhone about 5 years ago, have moved everything over except for email, I still use Gmail including using the Gmail app. I’d really like to switch to iCloud email (whatever it’s called… sorry) but the thought of changing email address just doesn’t appeal.Under Settings -> Network and internet -> Advanced. I say seemed to help because 1 of my accounts is now giving me instant notifications but another isn't. That's big progress at least. actually im not so sure now. i left my phone for a while and then sent a test email but it didnt work. i give up. Zoho is a good alternative to Gmail or Outlook. You aren't getting the extreme privacy focus of Protonmail or Tutanota, but that's not what they claim to do. Zoho is basically Gmail / Outlook without the Google / Microsoft ecosystem. That alone makes it a solid competitor.I switched from Android to IPhone about 5 years ago, have moved everything over except for email, I still use Gmail including using the Gmail app. I’d really like to switch to iCloud email (whatever it’s called… sorry) but the thought of changing email address just doesn’t appeal. Gmail. Easier to add attachments. You can unsend an email if sent accidentally. Gmail app without a doubt, especially if you check your email from multiple Apple devices. Strangely, the Apple Mail app doesn't sync read emails between devices, so you'll have a new message badge even for already opened emails.Your email address is a unique identifier of you as a user within our system and allows us to secure your data. The first added email account is called Spark Account, and it provides you with synchronisation across devices for an easy set-up process. Your app preferences, chosen once, appear on your other devices.Gmail app and privacy? : r/privacy I know, Google is anti-privacy, however, Is there any evidence of the Gmail app collecting your data and tracking what you do? I recall the Facebook app collecting peoples' contacts and tracking other things. 2 9 comments Add a Comment [deleted] • 7 yr. ago [deleted] • 7 yr. ago Is there any evidence ...? See full list on theguardian.com So this is entirely on them. That said, you can add your Google account to Windows and you will be able to access your email, calendar and contacts in the native Microsoft Mail & Calendar apps. You could use Office Outlook, but calendar and contact integration is not available for consumer Gmail accounts. Standards are just so much higher. An email app from 2012 would get sub 1 star on Google play. So comparing it to apps of that Era simply because of reviews isn't really a fair comparison. 2)There's been a huge push to make technology, and more specifically smartphones, more available to the masses. The Gmail address is old, been around a long time, and gets 50-100 mail list / marketing emails a day. The iOS Mail app is horrible at discerning which are important (from real people I know or critical alerts, such as banks, airlines etc.) and the bazillions of marketing emails. The search is very spotty too. Stock Mail app for work (Exchange) and Gmail for personal email. The only thing stopping me from switching to Mail completely is the lack of push notifications support for Gmail and dark mode for email content sucks compares to Gmail. Gmail has a bug thought that messes with scrolling in emails. Apple Mail.Google's Gmail App limits 9 email accounts maximum, why? I have multiple email accounts attached to G-mail app for personal and for the office. Some accounts are shared among staff, such as the company's general email address and colleagues and associates' individual business email inboxes. G-Mail has allowed us to add the accounts and keep ...u/ivanmat_, there is an un-documented google/gmail workaround still active to this date that allows you to achieve Push notifications with iOS's native Mail app and Google-email (gmail). For this to work, when you configure your gmail account on the iOS's Native Mail app you have to select 'other' from the Mail account options: -Settings - Mail ... r/brave_browser. Join. • 22 days ago. Most underrated feature of Brave is using nearly 0% CPU usage while idle. When I open Chrome, my PC fans go into overdrive! 93. 15. r/framework. Join. Settings > Mail > Accounts > Fetch New Data > Gmail > Fetch then back and select Fetch Every 15 minutes. Works for me. One of the things I wish the apple mail app would do. With the new beta, it’s not fetching from gmail anymore. I sent a feedback about this. One of the things I wish the apple mail app would do.I tried clearing cache, reset IMAP settings, restarted the phone, but the Gmail app is still not synchronizing with Hotmail. Maybe something is wrong on Google's end because Mail app in Windows 10 synchronises emails properly. I can send emails from my Hotmail account via Gmail app, but I'm unable to sync incoming emails/folders.The Gmail email service sends and receives emails. You can then use any of the Gmail email clients—the web app, iOS app, and Android app—to access it, or you can use a different email client, like Outlook or Spark. Apple Mail is just an email client that's available on iOS, iPadOS, and macOS. But you can use almost any email service with it ....